The Malaysian healthcare system has progressed well to achieve good outcomes on many health indicators and in providing affordable universal health coverage. However, what has worked well in the past may not necessarily work well in the future, especially in the context of an ageing society and increasing healthcare costs. This presentation seeks to contextualise the recently approved Health White Paper and elaborate upon its four pillars of transforming healthcare service delivery; advancing health promotion and disease prevention; ensuring sustainable and equitable health financing; and strengthening the health system's foundations and governance.